Which of the following describes a student-centered approach in education?

A student-centered approach in education emphasizes the active engagement of students in the learning process. Active learning focuses on strategies that encourage students to take responsibility for their own learning, participate in discussions, collaborate with peers, and apply their knowledge in practical contexts. This approach helps develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills because students are encouraged to explore, inquire, and reflect on what they are learning.

In contrast, the other options refer to broader educational concepts that may not necessarily prioritize student involvement. Instructional methods can include various techniques employed by teachers to deliver content, while teaching strategies often relate more to specific ways instructors present material. Pedagogy encompasses the overall theory and practice of education, which can include both teacher-centered and student-centered approaches. These elements can all contribute to student-centered learning, but the concept of active learning specifically highlights the role of students as active participants in their educational journey.